How To Classify Ultrasonic Transducers?

Ultrasonic transducer has a wide range of applications, more model categories, transducer production materials are mainly piezoelectric ceramics, single crystal, composite materials and magnetostrictive materials, among which piezoelectric ceramics are used more, here is a brief introduction to the classification of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers:
1. According to the propagation medium of sound waves during the working process of the transducer
A. Gas medium transducer: gas is used as the propagation medium of sound waves, such as air ranging and gas flow transducer;
B. Liquid-mediated transducer: using liquid as the propagation medium of sound waves, such as underwater ranging and liquid flow transducer;
C. Solid-medium transducer: solid as the propagation medium of sound waves, such as non-destructive testing transducers basically belong to this category.
2. According to the role played by the transducer in the working process
A. Transmitting transducer: the transducer is only used to emit sound waves (signals);
B. Receiving transducer: the transducer is only used to receive sound waves (signals);
C. Transceiver shared transducer: the transducer is used to transmit and receive sound waves (signals);
3. According to the vibration mode of the transducer
A. Sandwich/longitudinal vibrator transducer: according to a certain structure, mechanical parts and piezoelectric ceramics are combined together by prestressing, such as transducers for ultrasonic cleaning and welding generally belong to this type;
B. Bending vibration (lamination) transducer: transmitting and receiving sound waves (signals) in the mode of bending vibration, such as the transducer used on the reversing radar belongs to this type;
C. Ordinary / conventional transducer: only use piezoelectric ceramics alone, using its own various vibration modes, fixed and sealed in the shell by adhesive, this type of transducer is more common, non-destructive testing transducers mostly belong to this type;
D. Other vibration mode transducers: such as bending type, cymbal type, etc., but the application is few, and it is not listed here;
4. According to the bandwidth of the transducer: there are broadband and narrowband transducers, which are used more in water sound
5. According to the temperature resistance of the transducer: ordinary type, medium temperature type and high temperature type transducer;
6. According to the pressure resistance of the transducer: ordinary type and high pressure transducer;
7. According to the frequency of the transducer: low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency transducer;